Skip to content

How to use this course

The course is a sequence of parts, each a few pages long, each with a purpose you can state in a sentence: understand the latent image, build a pinhole camera, formulate a developer, fix and wash to archival standard, measure a characteristic curve, build a densitometer, make an albumen print. Parts are grouped into four levels that build on each other. Within a part, an overview page tells you what you will make or measure and what you need first; the pages that follow teach it; the practical pages have you do it; and a quiz or an assignment closes it.

Three tracks run through the whole course. Science pages explain what is physically or chemically happening. Craft pages have you build, formulate, process and print. Art pages ask you to make deliberate photographs with what you now understand. Most parts serve all three, and each page’s panel says which.

Level 1, Foundation, is where the course earns the right to talk about chemistry. It covers the history of how light and silver met, the discipline of the laboratory, the chemistry a photographer needs from first principles, and the physics of the latent image.

Level 2, Practitioner, makes photographs. A pinhole camera, its optics and its art; the chemistry of the developer, the stop bath, the fixer and the wash, each understood before it is used; the print and the fine print.

Level 3, Advanced, makes the materials and the instruments. Emulsions, sensitometry, a sensitometer and a densitometer, the darkroom equipment, the timer, and toning.

Level 4, Specialist, goes beyond gelatin silver: cyanotype, salted paper, albumen, the iron–silver processes, platinum and palladium, the historical processes studied but not reproduced, experimental chemistry, failure analysis, and the capstone portfolio.

You can start at Level 2 if you already process film and know some chemistry, but the developer chemistry of Level 2 assumes the pH, redox and concentration work of Level 1, and every page lists its prerequisites.

Kind What it is
Overview The first page of a part: purpose, what you will make, prerequisites, safety framing.
Lesson Explanation. Chemistry, physics, optics or history, connected to what you will see on film or paper.
Lab A practical procedure with a fixed template: purpose, objectives, prerequisites, safety classification, hazards, PPE, ventilation, materials, chemicals, equipment, cost, waste, preparation, procedure, expected observations, what is happening chemically, data to record, analysis, troubleshooting, clean-up, storage, disposal, questions and further experiments.
Build A construction project: a camera, a safelight, an instrument, a timer.
Experiment A controlled comparison with a hypothesis, a control and one changed variable.
Break/fix A diagnostic scenario: something has gone wrong, and you find out what.
Assignment A photographic task with an intention and a record to keep.
Capstone A component of the final portfolio.
Reference The formulary, the encyclopaedia, the atlases, the planner and the site pages.

Inside pages you will meet the same blocks again and again, each with its own label. The chemistry gives the mechanism and the reactions. The photography gives the visual consequence. The experiment sets a controlled test. Do the maths works a calculation. Under the microscope explains at the level of the crystal or the material. Build it is a construction step. Lab notebook says what to record. From the historical darkroom gives the historical practice. Safety is modern safety guidance. We don’t do this any more marks a historically significant practice that is unacceptable now. The general asides, Important, Tip, Common mistake, Expected result and Exercise, mean what they say.

Every practical page carries a letter, A to D, in its panel. It links to the classification rubric. Look at it before you read the procedure, and if the controls it assumes are ones you do not have, do not do the procedure.

Lessons lead with a core explanation that a beginner can follow. Deeper chemistry, historical detail, advanced experiments and mathematical derivations follow in clearly marked sections that can be skipped on a first pass and returned to later. The course is written so that the same page serves a beginner and, on a second reading a year later, an advanced enthusiast.

Quizzes are for checking understanding and work without an account or JavaScript. The more important assessment is the work: calculations, predictions, experiment designs, print critiques, laboratory reports and, at the end, a portfolio. All of it goes in a notebook. The printable worksheets are the templates: the laboratory notebook entry, the exposure log, the formula version record and the calibration record set. Print them and use them from the first roll of film. A result you did not write down is a result you will have to obtain again.

0 / 230 lessons completed

Marking a page as completed stores that fact in this browser only. There are no accounts and nothing is sent anywhere. The progress page shows the course as a whole.

Press / on any page. The index covers lessons, the formulary, the chemical encyclopaedia, the glossary, the safety library, the standard operating procedures and the historical timeline.

The Formulary, chemical encyclopaedia, glossary, historical timeline, standard operating procedures, printable worksheets, the laboratory planner and the safety library are written to be consulted directly, independently of the course sequence. Every lesson links into them, and they link back to the lessons that teach each thing.

The process atlas and troubleshooting atlas provide sourced text entries, confirming tests and comparisons. Their indexes distinguish available entries from remaining work. Licensed photographic plates are a later enhancement under the text-only release scope.

The educational tools and records include calculators, qualitative models, a consumables calculator and browser-local inventory, notebook and exposure records. Every tool names its assumptions and links to the teaching method; personal records can be exported.